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This article explores how metaphors about what the internet is inform policymaker and industry discourses, when they propose solutions on internet safety. More specifically, it analyzes documents by key players in this debate during a period when the UK government proposed direct regulation of online harms. The study finds that policy documents construct the internet primarily as a "place" that is separate from offline experience; and to a smaller extent as a "tool" that can be abused if it falls in the wrong hands. The article argues that these constructions obscure any links between online and offline risk, and that they legitimize solutions which may not take into account the social roots of online harms. It also suggests that the discourses of policymakers and SNS companies differ in the degree of agency they attribute to users, indicating a discrepancy in their approaches as direct regulation is introduced in the UK.

The strategic game frame, which is a media construction of political events as strategic competition between opponents, has so far been operationalized and measured primarily through verbal indicators. This study extends the operationalization of the frame to television visuals. The article argues that visuals are just as powerful as words in conveying the game frame; however, this can go unnoticed and thus unchallenged, if we focus on analyzing verbal content alone. Visuals should thus be problematized and systematically embedded in empirical studies of the game frame. This qualitative analysis shows how this can be done and, specifically, identifies elements of mise-en-scène, such as setting, actors, camera movement and props, which can constitute empirical indicators for the strategic game frame in television texts. The article uses data from the coverage of a recent referendum in Scotland to illustrate these indicators in use with examples.

This essay discusses how Scottish newspapers covered the 2014 Scottish independence referendum. It suggests that, in a move away from the positions they had held in the previous decade, indigenous Scottish newspapers openly suggested there was a desire for change in the form of increased devolution. As this option was not on the ballot paper, most of them proposed that increased devolution could still be achieved inside the Union. The mediated debate in the press was not about traditional notions of national identity, but about pragmatic considerations affecting everyday life, such as the future of the economy and public services. Although most of the press in its majority did not support independence, it did not wholeheartedly endorse the status quo either.

This article explores frame building in Scottish television coverage of the 2014 independence referendum. It uses content analysis of news and current affairs coverage and semi-structured interviews with broadcasters and their sources to explain how factors internal and external to the media may be specifically connected to the prominence of generic issue and game frames in the coverage. It argues that broadcasters' perception of their role in this event and the powerful influence of political sources were factors that encouraged policy-focused coverage, while the journalistic routine of balance and media organizations' perceptions of what would attract audiences favoured the strategic game frame.

This article explores frame building in Scottish television coverage of the 2014 independence referendum. It uses content analysis of news and current affairs coverage and semi-structured interviews with broadcasters and their sources to explain how factors internal and external to the media may be specifically connected to the prominence of generic issue and game frames in the coverage. It argues that broadcasters' perception of their role in this event and the powerful influence of political sources were factors that encouraged policy-focused coverage, while the journalistic routine of balance and media organizations' perceptions of what would attract audiences favoured the strategic game frame.

This article explores frame building in Scottish television coverage of the 2014 independence referendum. It uses content analysis of news and current affairs coverage and semi-structured interviews with broadcasters and their sources to explain how factors internal and external to the media may be specifically connected to the prominence of generic issue and game frames in the coverage. It argues that broadcasters' perception of their role in this event and the powerful influence of political sources were factors that encouraged policy-focused coverage, while the journalistic routine of balance and media organizations' perceptions of what would attract audiences favoured the strategic game frame.

This article examines the way ordinary members of the public, who were present at the celebrations for the 2011 UK royal wedding, were constructed in the televised coverage of the event on the BBC and ITV. It draws on theories of media events and on theories of the mediated construction of the views of ordinary citizens, and focuses on the way vox-pop interviews and inferences about what the public thinks were used by the two television channels. It argues that by presenting the people on the scene of the celebrations as a homogenized group which thought and acted as one, by inferring what was in the mind of this group and what they would say if they spoke, and by allowing individual members of the public relatively little flexibility in expressing themselves in their own terms during vox-pops, the coverage contributed to a dramatization of the event and at the same time constructed public acceptance of the centrality and significance of the day. Moreover these techniques functioned as an invitation to the viewer of the broadcast to identify with the group, its thoughts and emotions.

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Preface -- Part One The Referendum in Scotland -- 1 The Unexpected Campaign -- 2 The Media Landscape in Scotland -- 3 Broadcasting and the Press: Some Key Moments -- 4 Scotland's Changing 'Community of the Communicators': The Political Commentariat and the Independence Referendum -- 5 The Scottish Press Account: Narratives of the Independence Referendum and its Aftermath -- 6 Scottish TV Coverage of the Referendum Campaign from September 2012 to September 2014 -- 7 'Liked', 'Shared', Re-tweeted: The Referendum Campaign on Social Media -- 8 Sport, Gender and National Identities -- Part Two Views from the UK -- 9 English Television News Coverage of the Scottish Referendum -- 10 The English Press and the Referendum -- 11 Wales, Devolution and the Scottish Independence Debate -- 12 Our Friends Across the Water: Northern Ireland Media Coverage of the Scottish Independence Referendum -- Part Three International Perspectives -- 13 'Knock-on Consequences': Irish Media Coverage of the Scottish Referendum -- 14 Spain, Catalonia and the Scottish Referendum: A Study in Multiple Realities -- 15 The French View -- 16 The Scottish Referendum in Austrian, German and Swiss Media -- 17 The Scottish Referendum: The View from Quebec -- 18 The Scotland Referendum in the English-language Canadian Media -- 19 Australia and the Scottish Independence Referendum -- 20 Afterword: Reimagining Scotland in a New Political Landscape -- Notes on the Contributors -- Index